The Church recites this psalm principally in her prayers for the dead it is the psalm of the holy souls in purgatory, the words of the Psalmist applying well to the longing and sighing of the souls exiled from heaven. It is also used in the ferial prayers of Lauds and in the Office of the Dead at Vespers. In the Divine Office the De profundis is sung every Wednesday at Vespers, also at the second Vespers of Christmas, the words Apud Dominum misericordia et copiosa apud eum redemptio, reminding us of the mercy of the Father Who sent His Son for the redemption of mankind. It is also one of the seven Penitential Psalms which, in the East and the West, were already used as such by the early Christians. The De profundis is one of the fifteen Gradual Psalms, which were sung by the Jewish pilgrims of their way to Jerusalem, and which are still contained in the Roman breviary.
The hard school of suffering during the Exile had brought the people to the confession of their guilt an had kindled in their hearts faith and hope of the Redeemer and confidence in the mercy of God. The author of this Psalm is unknown it was composed probably during the Babylonian Exile, or perhaps for the day of penance prescribed by Esdras ( Ezra 9:5-10).
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